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Diallel analysis to
study gene action for some polygenic traits in Hexaploid
Wheat (Triticum
aestivum L.)
Muhammad Farooq*,
Abdus Salam Khan, Babar Saleem, Fahid Ijaz and Muhammad
Talha Shahzad
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of
Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
*Corresponding
author (e-mail: farooq1822uaf@gmail.com)
Abstract
This
experiment was carried out to elucidate the gene action
controlling the inheritance of some quantitative traits like
days to heading, days to maturity, plant height, number of
tillers per plant, peduncle length and flag leaf area using
5×5 diallel cross. The wheat lines/varieties were 9272,
9277, 9381, Lasani-2008 and Sehar-2006. Days to heading,
plant height and number of tillers per plant were under the
influence of partial dominance. However, peduncle length and
flag leaf area were controlled by partial dominance with
additive type of gene action indicating early selection for
improvement in these parameters, while over dominance was
recorded for days to maturity suggested fruitful selection
in later generations.
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Enhancing development, rate of ripening and
quality of date palm fruit (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cv.
Zaghloul by bagging pre-harvest treatment
Alaa El-Din K. Omar1, 2 and Mervat A.
El-Shemy3
1Department of
Plant Production, College of Food
and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud Univ., P.O. Box
2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. Fax: +96614678467; Office
+96614697179; Cell +966597528317
2Horticulture
Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University,
Kafr El-Sheikh
33516, Egypt
3Horticulture
Department, Research Station Sakha -
Kafr El-Sheikh, Horticulture Research Institute,
Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
*Corresponding author (e-mail:
alaa.omr@agr.kfs.edu.eg)
Abstract
Egypt
leads the world in date fruit production.
‘Zaghloul’ date is a popular soft date in Egypt. It is an
early season cultivar that is extensively cultivated in the
North Delta region, an important region for soft date
production in Egypt. Bagging of inflorescences is a physical
technique commonly used with many crops to both protect
fruits from diseases and pests and to alter the
microenvironment of fruits development. The microenvironment
exerts multiple effects on fruit growth and quality. Bagged
and unbagged fruits were evaluated for fruit quality during
the hababok, kimeri and khelal stages of fruit development.
Inflorescences were bagged immediately after pollination and
remained bagged for 35 days. Bagging modified the
microenvironment of the fruit, increasing humidity, this
remained above 70% between two and three weeks after
bagging. Bagging also increased temperature around the
inflorescences and promoted fruit development, increased the
final fruit retention percentage, and improved fruit yield
and quality (both physical and chemical characteristics),
especially during the kimeri and khelal stages. Based on the
results, bagging inflorescences after pollination is
recommended as a pre-harvest treatment to promote early
ripening and improve fruit quality of Zaghloul date palms.
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Estimation of heritability for some agronomic traits in
wheat (Triticum aestivum L)
Fahid
Ijaz*1, Muhammad Talha Shahzad2,
Amber Sattar2,
and Hafiza Saima Gul2
1Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics University
of Agriculture Faisalabad. Pakistan
2Department of Botany Bahauddin Zakariya University
Multan, Pakistan.
*Corresponding Author ( email:
fahidkhan99@yahoo.com)
Abstract
F2
populations of six cross combinations
DN-52 × Lasani-08, DN-52 × Iqbal-2000, DN-52 × 9432,
Fareed-06 × Lasani-08, Fareed-06 × Iqbal-2000 and Fareed-06
× 9432 involving five varieties / lines were studied to
determine the broad-sense heritability and genetic advance
for plant
height, spike length, number of tillers per plant, flag leaf
area, 1000-grain weight and grain yield per plant. The
broad-sense heritability estimates ranged from
42.43-86.47,20.36-57.04,31.34-77.53,32.63-82.66,14.88-74.24
and 17.71-65.54 respectively. The genetic advance estimates
for spike length , number of spikelets per spike , flag leaf
area ranged from 0.41- 1.23, 0.64-2.42, 1.13-4.04
respectively. While the genetic advance for traits plant
height,1000 - grain weight and grain yield per plant ranged
2.33-6.32,0.30-2.72 and 0.56-2.68 respectively. The
cross Fareed-06 × Lasani-2008, DN-52 × 9432 and parental
genotypes must be give due consideration in breeding
program.
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GROWTH AND YIELD RESPONSES OF CHILLI (CAPSICUM ANNUUM L.) TO
EXOGENOUSLY APPLIED L-TRYPTOPHAN
Sajjad Raza1, Shamsa Kanwal1,
Tariq Aziz1, Ahmad Ali2, Muhammad
Azhar1, Sami Ullah Noor1, Abdul Qadeer
Wahla1 and Parveen1
1Institute of Soil & Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture,
Faisalabad –Pakistan
2Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture,
Faisalabad –Pakistan
*Corresponding author (e-mail:
sjad.rza@gmail.com)
Abstract
Exogenous application
of amino acids as phytohormones’ precursors is a good
approach in enhancing crops growth and development as it
ensures continuous supply of phytohormones through microbial
conversion. Response of
exogenous application of L-Tryptophan, a precursor of auxin,
was evaluated on the growth and yield of chilli through a
pot experiment. The treatments comprising of varying
concentrations of L-Tryptophan (10-6 M, 10-5
M, 10-4 M and 10-3 M) were arranged
following Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four
replications. Plants moisture contents were maintained by
the application of distilled water. The results obtained
were statistically analyzed and pronounced effects of
L-Tryptophan application was observed on all the growth and
yield parameters. Among the treatments applied, the maximum
results were recorded at 10-5 M L-TRP and it
increased plant height (23.51%), shoot dry weight (34.83%),
root dry weight (39.53%), fruit weight (43.37%), number of
fruits (48.65%), number of leaves (29.25%), fruit length
(44.52%), root length (47.13%) chlorophyll contents
(25.48%), concentration of N (46.25%), P (11.46%) and K
(28.01%) in fruits as compared to control. The results
suggested that application of L-Tryptophan is better for
improved plants growth and development.
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MAIZE PHENOLOGY,
YIELD AND ITS QUALITY IS AFFECTED BY ORGANIC MULCHES AND
VARIOUS IRRIGATION REGIMES
Shahid Ibni Zamir1, Muhammd Asif1,
Ihtisham-ul-haq1, Umair Ashraf*,1
Sajid Hussain1 and Muhammad Kamran Khan1
1Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture,
Faisalabad, 38040-Pakistan
*Corresponding
author (e-mail: umairashraf2056@gmail.com)
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted to study the
quantitative and qualitative response of maize (Zea mays
L.) to irrigation levels and organic mulches during Autumn
2012. The experiment was conducted at Agronomic research
area, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. Randomized
Complete Block Design (RCBD) with split plot arrangement was
used to layout the experiment comprising three replications.
Three irrigation levels I1 (3 irrigations), I2
(5 irrigations) and I3 (7 irrigations) were kept
in main plots and applied at different growth stages of the
maize. Three mulching treatments M0 (control), M1
(maize straw) and M2 (grass clippings) were
applied to the soil after sowing. The data regarding growth,
yield and quality parameters of maize were recorded by using
standard procedures. The data was statistically analyzed by
applying Fisher’s analysis of variances technique. The
results on different parameters showed that the combination
(7 irrigations and maize stalk mulch) was attributed with
the maximum maize 1000-grain weight (280.27 g), grain yield
(5.80 t ha-1) and biological yield (15.21 t ha-1).
Irrigation levels and organic mulches also significantly
affected the interaction effect of 1000-grain weight, grain
yield, biological yield and harvest index. The data on
quality parameters revealed that both irrigation levels and
mulching materials significantly increased the seed protein
and oil content (11.08% and 5.23%) , respectively as
compared to control.
The study concluded
that maize stalk mulch applied with
7 irrigations enhanced
growth and yield of the crop, improved the quality content of the maize grains as
well improved soil physical condition.
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FORAGE YIELD AND QUALITY PERFORMANCE OF PERENNIAL WHEAT
GENOTYPES.
M.Ayub1, R.M. Brook2,
M.Tahir1*, S.Tahir1, M.A.Nadeem1
and M.Tariq3
1Department
of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
2University
of Wales, Bangor, UK
3Agriculture
Department (Ext.), Government of the Punjab, Lahore,
Pakistan
*Corresponding author (e-mail:
drtahirfsd@hotmail.com)
Abstract
Pot experiment was carried out at the Henfaes
Research Centre, University of Wales, Bangor, UK to compare
forage yield and quality of perennial wheat genotypes namely
AGCS, MT2 Spitzer, SS259, V550713
and V550715 harvested
twice. The genotypes varied significantly for yield and
yield components and quality parameters. The genotype MT2
produced higher forage and dry matter yield due to greater
plant height and tillers per pot. The Spitzer was superior
in quality regarding crude protein, ash percentage and
digestible dry matter percentage. However, modified acid
detergent fiber was the minimum in V550713. Though forage
yield was higher in September cut, but was of poor quality
compared with December cut. The genotype MT2 also performed
better in the December cuts regarding forage yield due to
better sprouting potential. Keeping in view the findings of
present study, the genotype MT2 seems to be a better choice
for forage production as its yield was higher in both the
cuts.
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PRODUCTION POTENTIAL OF
SOYBEAN (Glycine max
L.)
IN
RESPONSE TO BORON UNDER AGRO
ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF PAKISTAN.
M. Tahir1*, Q. Mehmood1, Shahzad Tahir1,
A.A.Sheikh2 and A. Rehman1
1Department of
Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan,
38040
2Soil Fertility
Research Institute,Punjab, Lahore,Pakistan
*Corresponding author (e-mail:
drtahirfsd@hotmail.com)
Abstract
The
present study was carried out in Agronomic Research Area,
University of Agriculture, Faisalabad to evaluate the
production potential of
soybean (Glycine
max L.) in response to boron. In this experiment the
variety William-82
was
sown in spring 2012. The treatments were comprised of seven
levels of boron i.e. 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 kg ha-1.
Borax was used as boron source.
The experiment was carried out in Randomized Complete Block
Design (RCBD) using three replications. Boron at 2 kg ha-1
significantly increased plant height (60.94 cm), number of
pods plant-1 (43.22),
number of pods
bearing
branches (6.55), thousand seed weight (88.07 g), grain yield (1757
kg ha-1), biological yield (4122 kg ha-1),
harvest index (42.62 %) and protein content (36.48 %) while
maximum oil contents (20.67 %) were obtained when
8 kg ha-1 (B4) boron was used which was
statistically at par with treatment
2 kg ha-1
(B1). While maximum net income was also obtained
by application of boron at 2 kg ha-1
under agro
ecological conditions of Pakistan.
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INHERITANCE OF PLANT HEIGHT, YIELD AND YIELD RELATED TRAITS
IN BREAD WHEAT
Babar Hussain1*, Abdus Salam Khan1 and
Muhammad Zeshan Farid2
1Department
of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture,
Faisalabad (Pakistan)
2Department
of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad
(Pakistan)
*Corresponding author (e-mail: babar2331@gmail.com)
Abstract
Understanding the inheritance mechanism of yield and
yield related traits is a prerequisite for genetic
improvement of wheat. A total of 23 wheat genotypes
including 14 F1 hybrids and 9 parents were grown
under normal conditions in the field of Department of Plant
Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad
during crop season 2012-13. Combining ability analysis was
used to calculate GCA and SCA effects. Plant height was
controlled by non-additive gene action while fertile tillers
per plant, spike length, spikelets per spike, number of
grains per spike, grain weight per spike and yield per plant
showed higher GCA effects than SCA indicating involvement of
additive gene action in expression of these traits. Thousand
grain weight was controlled by both additive and
non-additive gene action. Association among the traits
showed that number of fertile tillers per plant, grains per
spike and grain weight per spike had more contribution in
wheat grain yield.
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